
This study starts from something quite simple – how children and young people get to school matters. Not just for getting from A to B, but for their health, their well-being, and how schools support healthy habits day-to-day.
A new study led by Dr. Kelly Morgan, SHRN Director with colleagues from Public Health Wales and DECIPher uses SHRN data to explore how children and young people travel to school in Wales. The paper, “Policy on the move: active travel to school among 7–16-year-olds in Wales and its links to school policy and socio-demographic factors”, helps show what’s actually happening with active travel across Wales.
So, what did they find?
Looking at data from over 170,000 learners aged 7–16, around a third (34%) of children and young people report travelling actively to school, e.g. walking or cycling.
At first glance that sounds fairly positive, but the detail shows it’s not that straightforward.
- Younger children are more likely to actively travel than secondary-aged learners
- There are clear differences by gender and ethnicity
- Learners in more affluent school contexts are more likely to walk or cycle
- Rural learners are less likely to actively travel than those in more urban areas
So, it’s not just about individual choice. Where children and young people live really shapes what’s possible. For schools, it raises some real questions about what actually helps and whether current approaches are reaching the learners who are least likely to actively travel. This is where pupil voice becomes important, particularly for older learners where they seem to have less impact.
What about schools – do they make a difference?
The study also looks at what schools are doing to support active travel. Most schools are already doing something, from changing infrastructure and safety measures to promotion and partnerships.
It raises an important question for schools… Are current approaches to active travel reaching the learners who need them most?
Having policies in place doesn’t always mean learners will change how they travel. For primary-aged learners, there was a small link, schools with more policies tended to have slightly higher levels of active travel. For secondary schools, that pattern was much less clear. This suggests that simply adding more initiatives may not be enough, particularly for older learners. It also highlights that how these initiatives are delivered, and how young people experience them, may be just as important.
Where does SHRN come in?
This study used SHRN data from learners across Wales, alongside information from The SHRN School Environment Questionnaire (SEQ) completed by schools. This is a good example of what SHRN is set up to do – linking learner-reported data with information from schools to understand how behaviours are shaped.
More broadly, SHRN data helps build a national picture of children and young people’s health and wellbeing. It captures a wide range of health and well-being topics, from physical activity to mental health to relationships, with participation from almost all secondary schools and 42% mainstream primary schools in Wales. That scale makes it possible to look at patterns and inequalities across Wales.
Why this Matters for Health and Well-being
Active travel is often seen as a transport issue, but it’s about more than that. For many learners, walking or cycling to school could be one of the easiest ways to build physical activity into everyday life. It can also support independence, social connections, and well-being. But the study highlights that access to those benefits isn’t equal. If you’re older, live in a rural area, or attend a school in a less affluent context, you’re less likely to actively travel. This matters because the same groups often face wider health inequalities too. This reflects wider findings from SHRN data, where differences by age and socioeconomic background are seen across many areas of health and wellbeing.
This wider value of active travel is also reflected in national public health work:
“At Public Health Wales we recognise that active school travel is a great way for young people to build more physical activity into their lives. Active travel is beneficial for both physical and mental health and well-being and has wider benefits for communities by encouraging people to use their cars less – thereby improving air quality, reducing carbon emissions and contributing to safer streets for all.”
John Bradley,
Physical Activity Programme Lead, Public Health Wales
“Public Health Wales has been developing a place-based approach to active school travel, which engages schools (teachers, pupils and parents) and other local partners to identify actions that can be taken at a local level to help more pupils walk, cycle, or scoot to and from school. Following promising early findings, we want to encourage the adoption of this approach across Wales, so that children especially can help to shape work around active travel to school.”
Dr Paul Pilkington,
Consultant in Public Health, Public Health Wales
What might this mean in practice?
One takeaway from this study is that we may need to rethink how we approach active travel.
Rather than focusing only on individual behaviour change, this points towards things like:
- More targeted, context-specific approaches.
- Greater attention to rural infrastructure and transport options.
- Understanding what stops older learners from walking or cycling.
- Embedding learner voice more directly in how policies are designed.
From a SHRN point of view, this highlights the value of combining survey data with young people’s lived experiences. The “what” matters, but so does the “why”.
For schools, this could be less about adding more initiatives and more about reviewing what’s already in place. For example:
- Are current active travel initiatives reaching older learners?
- Do learners feel safe walking or cycling to school?
- Are there barriers linked to distance, transport, or rurality that need a different approach?
- How are learners involved in shaping these approaches?
Final thoughts
This study is a good reminder that these behaviours don’t sit on their own. They’re shaped by schools, communities and the environments around children and young people. The challenge now isn’t just increasing numbers but making sure all children and young people have the opportunity to travel actively to school. This is the kind of issue SHRN is well placed to explore further. As more data become available, we should gain a clearer sense of what supports active travel for different groups of learners. For schools, this could mean thinking about what’s realistic for your setting, particularly in rural areas or for older learners.
To Read more about this study, click here.
Further resources for schools:
- Walk Wheel Cycle Trust teacher resources: https://www.walkwheelcycletrust.org.uk/about-us/our-work-with-schools-in-wales/active-travel-school-plan-resources/
- Active school travel campaign materials https://activeschooltravel.brandbag.io/






